Cognitive Skills

Creative Thinking

The Creative Thinking Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 31 cognitive skills activities (638 minutes) to groups of youth and adults. 

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Creative thinkers are valuable assets to any family, organization, or company. The creative person knows that there is always room for improvement. Every problem that has been solved can be solved again in a better way. Creative thinkers do not subscribe to the idea that once a problem has been solved, it can be forgotten, or to the notion that “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” A creative thinker’s philosophy is that “there is no such thing as an insignificant improvement.” Activity Titles

  1. Command Center of the Body
  2. Left-Brained or Right-Brained
  3. Two Faced
  4. Dominance and Mixed Dominance
  5. Lefties
  6. What Is Creativity?
  7. Not Accepting What Is
  8. Pictures in Your Mind
  9. Divergent Thinking
  10. Brainstorming
  11. Divergent and Convergent
  12. Stimulated Imagination
  13. An Attitude of Creativeness
  14. Stimulate the Imagination
  15. Thinking of Alternatives
  16. Exercising Your Brain
  17. 13 Steps of Inventing
  18. Inventing a Structure
  19. Combining Unlike Things
  20. A Stretch of the Imagination
  21. Visualizing
  22. Visualizing Success
  23. Visualization Sharpened
  24. Visualizing an Object in Space
  25. An Exercise in Visualization
  26. Left and Right Partners
  27. Compare and Contrast
  28. Can Success Cause Apathy?
  29. Failure Can Inspire Creativeness
  30. A Healthy Brain
  31. Practicality of Ideas

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Decision Making

The Decision Making Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 25 cognitive skills activities (418 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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You make decisions every day of your life. You decide when to get up in the morning, what to wear, what to eat, what to say, what to do, and when to call it a day. Some decisions are easy to make and require little thought. Other decisions, such as removing the life support system from a loved one who is gravely ill, are much harder to make and require much thought. Many factors influence the decisions we make. Activity Titles

  1. Rational and Irrational Thinking
  2. Why Mistakes Happen
  3. Mistakes and Excuses
  4. Making the Same Mistake Again
  5. Avoid Making the Mistake Again
  6. Handling Mistakes
  7. Steps in Rectifying Mistakes
  8. Taking Care of Mistakes
  9. Fixing a Mistake
  10. Personality Styles and Decision Making
  11. Poor Decision Making
  12. Logical and Emotional Decision Making
  13. Head or Heart Decisions
  14. Making Decisions with Your Head and Your Heart
  15. Dilemma Decisions
  16. Impulsive Decisions
  17. The Ripple Effect
  18. The Ripple Effect
  19. Environmental Influences
  20. Influences in Your Neighborhood
  21. Making Wise Decisions
  22. Overcoming Undesirable Influences
  23. Controlling Your Destiny
  24. Feeling Ashamed
  25. Confused

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Listening

The Listening Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 28 cognitive skills activities (538 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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We listen for many different reasons. We listen for enjoyment and relaxation. We listen with empathy to give support and to gain an understanding of the other person’s feelings. We listen to gather information. We listen with a discriminating ear to understand, evaluate, and discern truth. Activity Titles

  1. Testing Your Hearing
  2. What’s a Decibel?
  3. How Well Do You Listen?
  4. Riddle Me This
  5. Why Should I Listen?
  6. Listening at Work
  7. My Place in the Family
  8. A Listening Trip
  9. What Am I Hearing?
  10. Panning for Gold
  11. What Does That Mean?
  12. Movie Preview Voice
  13. Interpreting the Message
  14. Slanted Viewpoints
  15. The Power of Talk Radio
  16. How Are You?
  17. Too Much Effort
  18. Listening Attitudes and Behaviors
  19. A Tolerant Ear
  20. Reflective Listening
  21. Talk Less, Listen More
  22. Eliminating Distractions
  23. Evaluating Eye Contact
  24. Poor Eye Contact
  25. Just the Facts, Ma’am
  26. Forming a Response
  27. Responding Wisely
  28. Experiment in Listening

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Logical Fallacies

The Logical Fallacies Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 26 cognitive skills activities (379 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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The point of a logical argument is to give reasons in support of a conclusion. An argument commits a fallacy when the reasons offered do not support the conclusion. When arguing with someone in an attempt to get at an answer or an explanation to a theory, you may come across a person who makes logical fallacies. Such discussions may prove futile. You might try asking for evidence and independent confirmation or provide another hypothesis that gives a better or simpler explanation. If this fails, try to pinpoint the problem of your arguer’s position. You might spot the problem of logic that prevents further exploration and attempt to inform your arguer of his or her fallacy. Activity Titles

  1. Fallacies in Over-Generalizations
  2. Jumping to Conclusions
  3. Questionable Conclusions
  4. Give ‘Em An Inch and They’ll Take a Mile
  5. The Domino Effect
  6. Fallacies in Superstitions
  7. Sidestepping the Issue
  8. Red Herrings
  9. Name Calling
  10. Popular Opinion Argument
  11. Appealing to Tradition
  12. False Authority
  13. Oversimplification: There’s More to the Problem
  14. False Dilemmas
  15. Circular Argument
  16. Appealing to the Crowd
  17. Get on the Bandwagon
  18. Absolving Yourself
  19. Two Wrong Do Not Make a Right
  20. What Is True for the Whole Is Not Necessarily True for the Parts
  21. Speculation
  22. Fear Affects Our Logic
  23. Fear as a Tool
  24. Straw Man Position
  25. Analogies
  26. Exaggerated Analogies

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Logical Reasoning

The Logical Reasoning Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 20 cognitive skills activities (293 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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Knowledge is extracted from what you observe, experience, infer, and read. When you try to understand and make sense of information, you use reason. The right side of the brain seeks patterns. The left side of the brain uses the patterns (sequence of events) to predict the likelihood of something happening. This prediction is called a probability. For example, you might reason that if little Johnny has played the same wrong note in his piano piece the last two times he has performed it, there is a good probability that he will play the wrong note again the next time he performs the piece. Scientists and mathematicians use logical reasoning to prove conclusions. Policemen, detectives, and attorneys use logical reasoning to prove criminal cases. You use logical reasoning every day of your life to make and prove conclusions. If you know the structure of an argument you will be able to recognize the point of it, recognize the role that words and phrases play, and be able to evaluate the argument’s validity. Activity Titles

  1. Logic and Reason
  2. Are You A Logical Thinker?
  3. Accuracy of Probabilities
  4. Making Predictions
  5. Thinking of Possibilities
  6. Begin a Mystery
  7. Games of Thought
  8. Mind-Set
  9. Stereotypes
  10. A Mental Trap
  11. Off On a Tangent
  12. Premises and Conclusions
  13. Inductive Reasoning
  14. Deductive Reasoning
  15. Deductive Reasoning Practice
  16. Critical Thinkers
  17. A Critical Eye
  18. Fact or Opinion
  19. Inference Doesn’t Make It Fact
  20. Statistics Scrutinized

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Perception

The Perception Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 16 cognitive skills activities (268 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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Perception is your ability to perceive your environment, to pick up clues and minutiae, including the emotions of others. It is also your native intelligence and wit and how fast you are on the uptake. Poor perception means you are oblivious to your surroundings; you are like an absent-minded professor constantly bumping into things and missing details. Average perception assumes you are capable of noticing fairly obvious details such as expressions, things lying around in plain sight, partially closed drawers, badly fitted secret doors. Good perception means you notice little things such as something odd about an expression or a glance passing between people, faint marks, hurriedly hidden objects, and unskillfully design secret doors or compartments. Great perception assumes you are aware enough to notice all but the smallest details such as a smudge, a place where a well-hidden secret door probably ought to be, or a change in expression that would escape most people. Excellent perception means that almost nothing escapes your eye such as faint scratches, fingerprints, the smallest change in expressions, places where even the most skillfully hidden objects or hiding place might be. Extraordinary perception means nothing evades your eagle eye. Activity Titles

  1. Seeing Things Differently
  2. Different Perspectives
  3. Individual Perspectives
  4. Individual Points of View
  5. Perception Influenced by Attitude
  6. Attitude Affects Perception
  7. Perception Influenced by Attitude
  8. Perception and Objectivity
  9. Perception and Emotions
  10. Observation Affects Perceptions
  11. Perception Influenced by Observation
  12. Perception and Close Observation
  13. Perception Influenced by Culture
  14. Cultural Points of View
  15. Perception Influenced by Experience
  16. New Perspectives

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Problem Solving

The Problem Solving Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 33 cognitive skills activities (625 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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The air conditioner’s condensation pipe is clogged with mineral deposits causing water to drip from the overflow pan located inside the fan assembly in the garage. A bucket is used to catch the water, but that doesn’t work. The water runs down the wall and not into the bucket. How can the water be channeled into the bucket until a repairman comes? There are all kinds of problems to solve. Some problems are out of our control such as war, some disease, and natural disasters. Some problems can be avoided or lessened if there is adequate forethought and preparation. For example, if we live in an area that is prone to tornadoes, we can ensure our safety if we build a storm cellar. Some problems are of a personal nature. Perhaps there is a breakdown in communication resulting in a misunderstanding. Maybe one of the individuals involved is confused due to stress or illness, or one feels overwhelmed or inadequate. There may be a difference of opinion. There may not be enough information or the information may be wrong. Perhaps hidden feelings are revealed after the situation is looked at more closely and there is a change in perspective after thinking about something for awhile. Maybe there is a dilemma and no one can be a winner. Other problems, such as the clogged air conditioner pipe, are mechanical, scientific or mathematical. Activity Titles

  1. Monster Problems
  2. Personal Problem Collage
  3. Characteristics of a Problem
  4. Swatting Flies
  5. Seeing the Whole Picture
  6. Word Association
  7. Stop and Think
  8. What’s Wrong Here?
  9. Problem Sources
  10. Making Accurate Observations
  11. Dealing with Details
  12. What’s Different Here?
  13. What Did I See?
  14. Cops and Robbers
  15. Brainstorming Solutions
  16. Thinking of Possibilities
  17. Educated Decisions
  18. Gathering Information
  19. Not Enough Information
  20. Is It Reliable?
  21. Where Information Comes From
  22. Is It True or False?
  23. The Three Goblets Mystery
  24. Anagrams
  25. Kaleidoscope
  26. What Are My Choices?
  27. Problem Solving Steps
  28. Your Mind’s Eye
  29. Visual Attention
  30. Sprouting Spatial Ability
  31. Left Brain: Describing Objects
  32. Right Brain: Stimulating Spatial Neurons
  33. Finding Solutions

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Remembering

The Remembering Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 30 cognitive skills activities (535 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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Memory is the stepping-stone to thinking, because without remembering facts, you cannot think, conceptualize, reason, make decisions, create or contribute. There is no learning without memory. This section will enable you to remember anything you want to remember in less time than it takes you now. It will discuss some valuable principles that are vital to improving your ability to remember. Activity Titles

  1. Why Have a Good Memory?
  2. Causes of Poor Memory
  3. What Causes Poor Memory?
  4. Why Memory is Poor
  5. Hobbies Enhance Memory
  6. Hobbies That Enhance Memory
  7. Activities That Enhance Memory
  8. Concentration Enhances Memory
  9. Not Listening
  10. Not Concentrating
  11. Remembering by Association
  12. Using the Five Senses
  13. Organizing Material
  14. Organize to Remember
  15. Get Organized
  16. Remembering the Sequence
  17. Sequence of Events
  18. Categorize
  19. Organize and Categorize
  20. Mental Mapping
  21. Remembering Numbers
  22. Exaggeration and Absurdity
  23. Ridiculous and Absurd
  24. Using Acronyms
  25. Baroque Music and Memory
  26. Quiet Reflection
  27. Memory Cement
  28. Practice Makes Perfect
  29. Repetition Makes It Easier
  30. Write It Down

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Student Dilemmas

The Student Dilemmas Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 51 cognitive skills activities (765 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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This document will help participants understand how to solve some of the dilemmas they may face as students. Activity Titles

  1. Your Teacher is Moving
  2. Teacher’s Pet
  3. Potential
  4. Underachieving
  5. Your Teacher Hates You
  6. Embarrassed Beyond Belief
  7. Too Much Homework in One Class
  8. Your Dog Ate Your Homework
  9. Negligent Teacher
  10. Infatuated With the Teacher
  11. The Teacher Is Too Personal
  12. The Problem with Friends
  13. You Hate Your Name
  14. Being Average
  15. Being Tutored
  16. Being Separated From Friends
  17. Not Much Money
  18. Shunned by Friends
  19. A Friend Goes Wayward
  20. Can’t Get a Girlfriend
  21. Keeping Up an Image
  22. Teased About Not Having a Girlfriend
  23. Teased in the Locker Room
  24. Teased About Being in Orchestra
  25. Breaking Up
  26. Breaking with the Wrong Crowd
  27. Cheating
  28. Could I Copy Off of Your Paper?
  29. Accused of Cheating on a Test
  30. Caught Cheating on a Test
  31. Seeing Others Cheat
  32. Plagiarizing
  33. Why Have Grades?
  34. Graded Unfairly
  35. Being in Special Ed
  36. Accelerated Classes
  37. The Test Was Too Hard
  38. Pressured To Do What You’d Rather Not
  39. Pressured by Your Peers
  40. Living in Your Brother’s Shadow
  41. Not Athletic
  42. Competitive Girl
  43. Emphasis on Sports
  44. Parents Getting a Divorce
  45. High Expectations of Parents
  46. Giving Oral Reports
  47. Test Nervousness
  48. Memory Blackout at Test Time
  49. Embarrassing Good Grades
  50. Required Subjects
  51. Mother Volunteers Too Much at School

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Studying

The Studying Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 34 cognitive skills activities (766 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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Knowing how to study is a fundamental skill that will dramatically increase your effectiveness as a student. The activities in this document will explore some of the principles that will increase your skill in this area, such as building study habits, avoiding the ten traps of studying, building effective study habits, avoiding procrastination, and concentrating. Activity Titles

  1. How Do I Learn?
  2. Classroom Styles
  3. Teacher Attitudes
  4. Teaching Strategies
  5. Teaching Strategy Quiz
  6. My Favorite Subjects
  7. Blessing or Curse?
  8. Problem Areas
  9. Rewards
  10. Available Study Times
  11. Smarter Study
  12. Homework Killers
  13. Get Organized
  14. Note Taking Styles
  15. Types of “Shorthand”
  16. Making It Brief
  17. Making It More Brief
  18. Innovative Notes
  19. Memory Maps
  20. Highlighting
  21. Computer Nerds
  22. What’s Important
  23. Reading for Raisins
  24. Being a Critic
  25. Surviving the Classics
  26. Two Heads May Be Better Than One
  27. Motivation to Study
  28. 5 W’s and How
  29. Technical Material
  30. Bad Reading Habits
  31. Watch Your Speed
  32. Speedier Reading
  33. Reading WPM
  34. Scanning the Page

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Test Taking

The Test Taking Skills Facilitator Guide is a collection of step-by-step instructions for teaching 15 cognitive skills activities (255 minutes) to groups of youth and adults.

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Tests measure how you are doing in a course. Usually test scores are the key determinants of your course grade. Doing well on tests requires test-taking skills, a purposeful positive attitude, strategic thinking and planning, and, naturally, a solid grasp of the course content. This group of activities contain tips that apply to all types of tests. Activity Titles

  1. Creating Tests
  2. Testing Style Preferences
  3. The Ideal Test
  4. Discovery
  5. Calm, Cool and Collected
  6. Visualizing
  7. Preparation
  8. Smart Strategies
  9. Mental Strength Tested
  10. Self Fulfilling Prophecies
  11. Self Talk
  12. Death of a Problem
  13. A, B, C, or None of the Above
  14. Snares and Clues
  15. Post Test Analysis

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